Section 1.1: The Risks of Overthinking

A recent study analyzed 170 papers involving 4,670 individuals from diverse backgrounds and regions, each engaging in various cognitive challenges. Tasks ranged from mastering new technology to navigating unfamiliar settings.

Across all studies, participants who reported higher mental effort also found the tasks increasingly unpleasant, often describing their experiences with feelings of frustration, irritation, or stress.

“It’s universal: regardless of location or profession, everyone experiences annoyance with cognitive tasks,” stated Erik Bijleveld, PhD, the lead author and a psychology professor at Radboud University in the Netherlands.

While the reasons behind our aversion to heavy thinking remain unclear, it seems we share an evolutionary tendency to conserve energy for critical survival activities. Bijleveld suggests that “our findings reveal that mental effort is perceived negatively across various populations and tasks. This insight is crucial for those designing educational tools or tasks, as substantial mental effort should be supported or rewarded.”

The study, published in the Psychological Bulletin, does not imply we should shy away from challenging our minds entirely. Engaging in demanding cognitive tasks can enhance our mental capacities, and many people find joy in such challenges.

“For instance, millions enjoy playing chess,” Bijleveld noted. “They recognize that the mental effort involved can lead to rewarding outcomes. However, choosing to engage in mentally demanding activities doesn't necessarily mean they relish the effort itself.”

The first video, "Thinking Hard May Actually Hurt, Research Shows," explores how cognitive overload affects our brains and why we feel discomfort when engaging in challenging tasks.

Section 1.2: The Biological Effects of Intensive Thinking

Research into the biological impacts of heavy cognitive load reveals that when we think intensively, harmful chemicals accumulate in the prefrontal cortex—the brain's decision-making hub. This buildup can hinder effective thinking and act as a protective mechanism, preventing cognitive overload.

In a 2022 study, researchers found that individuals engaged in taxing cognitive activities exhibited increased levels of glutamate in their synapses. While glutamate serves to connect neurons and facilitate thought processes, elevated levels can disrupt this function, akin to pouring glue on a delicate project.

Fatigue acts as a warning sign, signaling the need to pause.

“Fatigue indeed serves as a cue to stop work to maintain brain function integrity,” explained Mathias Pessiglione, PhD, a biologist and psychologist at Pitié-Salpêtrière University in Paris.

Section 1.3: Finding Relief from Cognitive Strain

During intense mental activity, our brains utilize significant amounts of glucose—its primary energy source—leading to a drop in dopamine, which can diminish motivation.

So, how can we alleviate this mental strain? The answer is straightforward: take a break. Numerous studies highlight the importance of genuine downtime. Disconnect from technology, refrain from checking emails, and allow your mind to wander. Spend time outdoors, gaze at the sky, and relish moments of inactivity.

As I’ve discussed previously, allowing ourselves time away from responsibilities is crucial for mental health and overall happiness. Ironically, taking quality time off not only supports well-being but also enhances productivity.

In our fast-paced, always-connected lives, we often struggle to pause and allow our minds to rest. That’s why when my wife notices I’m mentally overloaded, she understands it’s time for me to engage in some much-needed idleness.

Related: Why You Should Embrace Your Wandering Mind

The second video, "Thinking Hard Really Does Make Your Brain 'Hurt'," delves deeper into the neuroscience behind cognitive fatigue and offers insights into managing mental overload.